%PDF-1.7 1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Outlines 2 0 R /Pages 3 0 R >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Outlines /Count 0 >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [6 0 R 18 0 R ] /Count 2 /Resources << /ProcSet 4 0 R /Font << /F1 8 0 R /F2 9 0 R /F3 10 0 R /F4 11 0 R /F5 12 0 R >> /XObject << /I1 13 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 14 0 R /GS2 15 0 R /GS3 16 0 R /GS4 17 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] >> endobj 4 0 obj [/PDF /Text /ImageC ] endobj 5 0 obj << /Producer (dompdf 1.0.2 + CPDF) /CreationDate (D:20251125135417+00'00') /ModDate (D:20251125135417+00'00') >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] /Parent 3 0 R /Contents 7 0 R >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 3419 >> stream xZr6)pTI A Y{Z'Xqlga!'$Gy[=R4IӔ۫WLY{ذo3^$){xd_n8Nj7tfͿ?C<6͓KaP޽}uC<yR_RtL&uU~fzب͸i-y>cY۳WM획v^徽s%oE]'e]=s-2E$Bhsy<ɪdR7HZ-6HXa>ɓ2 "> D"NdzuRek(#۬ןLT̎. VI̹h/23m$`R߬܏6f7ڃɶ3ǯ#ٚI^JD{a:NXk;5 l=q1Ǟ&UwΆ .mx#c3%~>%sX$EU{A*($n=|Z7nAjwy% b^!iKVR,yd\]m=fsڭ_mg,6n0!aZBnz!T=gUd ua﹝wl4Hvͨv蠨]߰a&0eM6W<]@2=( #(@ nOeA 1# ۍb뷰p-lVV-7`ZzP9RsL*"P!҃bnJoWF[τٝvWcۙ/@I)<|wM;MǦ{'@ofxCu f3i\L<]/"2 pv hYp؛Vo~8eH=K6U" FZ#-^3jشj _)c򥖲+^ATnԨdЃԼE0o #"#U/u,Ou\׋W6b~x{79u ߼6)߽UTn=X|@=!L:*u=K#&j׌'*7 4*H.V)Ͻlo11+G1k*rc$JS#$q\S5^#Qb>S'~0Ɛ͉xcl[FC"J4>x"݊>|]m=fsڝmg?1^I\n08Đ B"rT;bxMY,۟Uv6O_":y~uw'=j=Bb+_z>ykqC: LΓ%s5(3/iG"/Q]',]K8}1[vPr:XQBD%ɂk4%_Д-yvхcS"?"#n6"sI&V=Q8eHKU`a8ƾeϮsMth橝v`oɣp6/"-ɀČgP7w}4={nL6RpC&EQ \1`ϊ*tQ P?r7@8yu{wcwOoǟs!Uua`#<Ѷ{:ަ b'-QE*jHr,fg~gA=mInq1ݔշo>pgF?S]w7$L_n%]XW3_Ϥ**Q( $2~ b*8N-75,UPx/v@V&oevnYy<;mA_x=_w endstream endobj 8 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F1 /BaseFont /Times-Roman /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 9 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F2 /BaseFont /Times-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 10 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F3 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 11 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F4 /BaseFont /Helvetica-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 12 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F5 /BaseFont /Helvetica-Oblique /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 13 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 200 /Height 200 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Filter /DCTDecode /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 11857>> stream JFIFC     C   "  tKEc-gWOGݵnu;s]gIKٿ9s nV׊#XJ6ާMm=q64E"twnǪ"q*"B7Ky6Uj|mUjsX|8zo%Ʀw Qj=>yAJ՞Mekjc6^xxxt/G67%F0Y צں+n~?1L tq kE^l8 M>rlF;vhZLvZѽOd/2C ;gƘ&wC mls`0''ԛ!nԧ8kR1kNH{vGBÅ ã{"=]-s[e/H'{?i؂# `D՟|Z,U{]8OՒ7R,x) 8Qp$I^PTS >zQn3!Wz.2{T| ^Kik1` xp<2X&x`+b!05 #%3$24601!"B3ZƐYXW֞kgK253 Av:1~Q8**~88xMIZM2A"蠬LΥNn&9Lk]?|IflEF3$BO!{l^n<* Y^@r+PKKO̝ 3(f,|Fd Gڌ$Xz$KobԲwT;VMl ;T5%.!iq:G< T J-qxjVNOR~2'V-#=;I79R;s19|p9'qNiNbq5V;>L}-yq_଀d'{Nmp$~,'DnEa!viAF TӧB4tyJAgJ?f#UuC>-መ~QD+5`6~ 7Fs7< ßbCY1v" DP&':~_:[K jF6vC {>s7O1̾^f܈{l7)9BH%NL4+$mZ[1l ua/ Ye[bg/=JHV u0[᮷.JCQf' ٍ O2A MseA?އڔ֕+rn L4!_xrR~IC; }Xg6uy8 @D]&h=uԽUƛ)[9gj79塿^Fi/!){.XkmqYV1/ͷQpph9[J%jgmFaJ0',TDowC G^Ue0k&r.*Ú`sB@;4i1:^qymnqX,k aR&حZٰlr<]y  .ĤٍL(jI%9e@Պ\9†f~14dklI ®#(̡2\ [@~UkVy dܞҠA,I*>⶜W}-fz=&K2WH8}d>Gև6Rʦz\s@NUpH"RZnS(d$Y{7gq< KMSZR5J1Döã ϖ|9壓_ GDz~1lknc4eF +HUڸ*YA8ŧ@\-g6K7:y!`@ =͵㑄_^"K@j^guQu_&.ȹRXLS,]VN?yͦAfӈ˯"G5Ib| QȟU3_/CGFdI:'|"ՙN%/4&%!u׌纎 ԰JA{)H9:[bgcZYEʍK:̶}f*e*>IZոkZLN:qTv֤GmiiufKD4 ͤUpp7Z ݰ^8&B υd,%Mw,! 0123Aq"Q$a?6Яv9kۘB,FO!Q" r|E2r:_e>Y^|ȁ D~=m:2Ԭ̹n\1eq9m|v| :;~:mXa*}>;TvIZiaG:!"1AQq #2Bar3C0Rbs$S4c?3_WV=ԉ)"~w XhMq%>\ #^)0%)9-Hz298=on[Jtway4 p;/ G yJUr +.~4Q9->j҃HȠqZ6*VX]i֤`ں*Oox<8Tq٦+}6)9ϙRM/;%]Tqe.T'Gʃ)=~XF?~ ۟{59tuSC1!BwGfDQ]r1&ݼI$xFxdO|{"q?z0Z W%թIV\undFr_Ndi5]Nm^G}LЩ\XKƝwEcğ=Oۭ$ik! 1ƹaXK,0zxPݨQqHY8@~53ZpΣ|rM=3Ѽ":=2H5j?C_ظ6GlQHVMCMqMŏ-._m.o* "wD#k;%~`R@k ڮR܃RHG_OwFp~~~GtH pA+BKE .<%iNx{2 +vlein&RAkn  &ҡ} uTۧB43rvH{c~VTZ $n+yR5JqV#ңOblۯ,p4xդVrNiIK< IZX*[1sI3Aѩ,8 ?8[I:y,YzWqn4)?):~6uцݴT/j3H1BֆRԒJ72"i=clTW>2j ~59$e[ыOuSn/r٠;dP"!LzfG5IytC"kdzP[X5rO=Ǚҽ\ei}Qx)Qx]}effF8=;7:L7S%O3z԰`x|Ё҃O̓xVIշ񒴯|rf%Dq(*2 x|D_派c>MDO/[ Y9wrOȾBҷWO֕weMFD)n :Zx-/UCohmK&\H!I#t5zvYv$sR} r9Xԑʡ'_"miuxԟmm.75)_Vk|vbllQo| !6l]Zk-;ձƮf2<YIߏYXD.-e׍\*h4hu_U wy%e8jfK.)кXB~(7U- i0*Vp4ofwngD#4V|SXH=+b>s7A:\{X_OƯZHqM'4!A un_ClN2U]?Ҷq\L$n֭3ʸҹM"O)WOc[r1>ڗ =ki$HN4S޶唷Rol[aԏl6r(<W]B.Mp-$x<@5v'VB/\7(ӏ,VȀIyҶkf1kJiwmkg 1@*y9F7w^h..!e խ̯ea[&%k2s5m9XW t~*.G[K L"} jLo[WE Ghd'@PhGA u&,ɜZ#ԤȦV5j?[NLIJP) []ǎۘ_?0HS܍45R},/|S1 qқ VZ26Zdj<s7A|3]N73/ F4vK ;5"vLA&p-OvwJYgI120]X,)%n'c{{3~ ļ"\MMV}d0駒F)JDVR ZmrCJTo i#" $,&jOc3 OZ֭PTR)Uh6"2Yt\]ү-%GY`Ej?AoKQPi:Bɋ{0F+|¥r55>mEkM"'^5!:23v`cR'`Ni Bt5tOLҏ7B7r#Vkz3*ޮ Z̩4ݏ[P 0Kªz5iPny'mU}rcg`sݏLoC'WWxKNFVI8hއ奋C;1vRћ]lKA ftgRNy1MxX1*f&+n`ljvc/xE.TG~T7׉l/Ņ0ǘqHS}jVTRzX&X[PyCo68`B柔wl$i-rt,[X qF%(ݭRFPXV&hxZ9U˶«Mw6 @aԼp@kD`ʭDc`{%wb__Mbw ^ @jg(n@ڐR2Λc$ye5!))5eR[.(o)L!4wtSOg6/єP ]1%ySj`GU_1@68i|I9 ^ڥvMN05e$*ɺ wb]_ycͺź NJqz j|R<`(2I>Tn_Q/,Jw ߊzﱫ"+G>Me#ϲ;Q*=׵&R ‰|ÿ5t-n؈kBT gpKX$y=g CpC+.=k_֓YH"^-_cԎʮ c={@cDOgtc.٤1,$, lDph$s\VWU,>_N.] hm~bcܛ$J hv0-- 0 .&WCZAQnb_ECHGG!=,3\exr?#v P24 )&j? Ek#YO<[,XOBSõx=f @ Lb׍&?E+o F2(\S@yQ0|sG !c%/H^K1G8W ~?al /q:%]F<%V/vF4\R0b_`X ֌0@N?q)W<p{%2?[CM9{]FnqghC0Ϸ"! 1A0Qaq?Day߮&44\`.)oKg9[6hLaR<:1꺭/|C-gb1DK:|cfsUd^fUkn2iv0zLzor@fm 9`۴x&!1AQaq ?XQ$𲪏be?} 21U {DPB^(:Vv!F p3 $,ʀK(7!_q.3SRr5OcYuXp0 e\KKGANbQ`Y}^xbYy"0CU˟``FuÉP-n6{ࠉ'zQ|ef e(ᘻ!"T 2=H98%c}9AT)֒gRG "R3vc^&c"THq@=9rc .+M-nXٙ%J*``)~q} 1LWCP {#.;BEt_Oq4(pZ["^Jez5C淚u5J"W4QEΘCG K?#m`S`1ZDlq$/E˶~nt,WEBh凜K̬EbD>d8ӻ7%yPd:븝ϓ[k8RN<6X0TH4İ(U HC8.ĩ_yHjRf*0ʳҚ/wyneY1iL @WMߴaKQ6C_EdG\8fT]B"(\$trȢ%$XL@e7eBCeX胩r[J.̶dQD ~ סHP>GBGTbMR:x)bVh&0e3w3ҙA! :rt͵bgN#-k-Tr̕9TBIhzq:n tYxU5k{Lq //xŠJz]/`URVzhGu-B\QԮ#)s1тr&^"OÏp e F@ۃL 5La_H=s-wgJn0 HUѼmq.q0gWg _0E%a4Yqhc⎇X[xsVe*zj^EAh{AM|@vq5P,hT-]q5.L8R%6LEce[ BQ؋lHW(Lw] .kV <-7#_ݳA4̕h^E*uʉ!]HK]ܢ{6fW},:jq i&.F~5 Q0T+#`jK)b*-c)S"eƐ#!TtxmSacb3{DřqTfPL}6l-uPAv: DЋrbx!q@-S_qLnOf&s#NE3`*5|d'8:*l=墱,#2L8.SRlzg )/xoP[@7%)H/GRMꀶUF N$v;_jnq+Oާz TeyR(j=ňƂp`VXl6+iD.]~ U )7Rw{n\,2d9{͏ZtUkr_|ǒE_vYe[Y(t-0H krPjA[5 Pc ƱU*7(Ytm㖣Q[URN NbFfGXxE,ex@Jhv6`mNJCR+W\ cEqYu+5wc4hX˦%hjMEb}յ1mAvUwkHEXlP>pTf$騫0i*X _hU$"sT*?I55 @3|WMIިN=qIJc2ZpX lxzQ;Vۣlp vV{f'30+|xU,6ܥH,jħL(р[LC>Gؤb-Y7_6^w ۄxJqWP xG*\ endstream endobj 14 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /CA 0.3 >> endobj 15 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /ca 0.3 >> endobj 16 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /CA 1 >> endobj 17 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /ca 1 >> endobj 18 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] /Parent 3 0 R /Contents 19 0 R >> endobj 19 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 1936 >> stream xX˖W29g8[xEhhE2 J!HUu֭jE2"toD(HE%ZϩC㴚MyNs? ^vxV bl/F;ΝDI;/)*dqh/O,Di${2!Z^dopTQ>Ύ3BG!?;}/l&tPz5GasąLú3='Ġ٩L{1  0:srzЙeI;tg'΋(y1^[ O8:K~4L3L)?fDUZ;K%EU:87:;m$#]G!/4$t7kɩC΍2I9M6N7gg8p,R Gq0,8>ك=i7rbк L$$ NjA{/Տ{|8rD99d&^"n >N'CwvHԈ̛t ¹T28M`Eu`օL~7G&54פqĩ,2t/ꡱA` WE_o5A1pw '`Õ(׵bΑL^W9@9tsK .Ιf~΃X R"˙2fc7YxAK>/}Ԡxej-4d8p.,j#)Q+x\Ye{i[f@!A8zj$r~乌20kkQ쳘GlrgCՕ'Q.B(ʍ"dZi!=י~LJ8dɹk ^oġ;zii)0dbfSzN"r"[{^`=3 ?j,ǟ$+w?5eQ`V@#F^lk8Ll1ҤHƒƍ$EprW(ŷ*z Glm k!24yj-&<'㘳_;}?-b endstream endobj xref 0 20 0000000000 65535 f 0000000009 00000 n 0000000074 00000 n 0000000120 00000 n 0000000417 00000 n 0000000454 00000 n 0000000603 00000 n 0000000706 00000 n 0000004198 00000 n 0000004307 00000 n 0000004415 00000 n 0000004523 00000 n 0000004636 00000 n 0000004752 00000 n 0000016778 00000 n 0000016837 00000 n 0000016896 00000 n 0000016953 00000 n 0000017010 00000 n 0000017115 00000 n trailer << /Size 20 /Root 1 0 R /Info 5 0 R /ID[<36208f6b01f9dac9875e8726b21c77f1><36208f6b01f9dac9875e8726b21c77f1>] >> startxref 19125 %%EOF Household Waste – Bangladesh Environment Network

Household Waste

    PANEL MEMBERS  

Relevant facts regarding household waste in Bangladesh

  • Rising income level is leading to higher levels of consumption, in turn increasing the volume of household waste.
  • Alongside increased volume, the composition of household waste is also changing for the worse, with rising share of plastic and other non biodegradable and toxic components;
  • Household waste disposal system remains inadequate, spilling over roads and streets, and dumped ultimately into open landfills that are a major source of contamination for neighboring land area and water bodies.
  • The rising share of plastic and other non-biodegradable waste is making the landfills a source of toxic pollution.
  • The people need to be educated and made aware about their own responsibility for proper disposal of household waste.
  • While Bangladesh had a tradition of reuse and recycling long before these were adopted as goals in developed countries, this tradition is now unfortunately weakening and disappearing.
  • As a result of campaign by BAPA and other pro-environmental forces, the government in 2002 re-imposed the ban on the use of plastic bags (up to a certain thickness), and this step has been helpful in reducing use of plastic bags, which were otherwise not only increasing alarmingly the plastic content of household waste but also clogging the urban drainage system, creating and aggravating the problem of water logging.
  • Many shops and consumers continue to use plastic bags despite the ban.
  • Bangladesh in uniquely endowed with jute, which can be used not only to reduce use of plastic bag domestically, but also to enhance export, making use of the current global trend away from synthetic to natural fibers, and thus to revive the jute industry of the country.
  • There is considerable potential to convert household waste into either fertilizer or energy, and Bangladesh can made use of Kytoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism to seek investment from abroad for such conversion, which can provide a win-win solution to the household waste problem.
  • Some local initiatives have developed for proper collection and disposal of household waste.

BEN’s recommendations regarding household waste

  1. The government and the people have to take rising volume and worsening composition of household waste as a serious threat to Bangladesh environment.
  2. The people and the government need to realize that due to her extremely high density of population, it is now wise for Bangladesh to slavishly imitate the consumption style of the western countries, who, with their much higher land-man ratio, have enough space to create landfills for dumping of household waste far away from population centers and water bodies.
  3. Bangladesh has to develop her own consumption style, suitable for her land-man ratio, climate, and natural conditions, not focused on private and material consumption only but also emphasizing the public and spiritual aspects of consumption and fulfillment, and preserving as much as possible her own heritage of use of natural fibers and the tradition of reuse and recycling.
  4. The government needs to conduct a massive awareness campaign, through advertisements in radio, newspapers, and television about the responsibility of the public toward proper collection and disposal of household waste, the importance of reuse and recycling, and encourages the local positive initiatives that have developed in this regard.
  5. The government should include in school curriculum the issues concerning household waste, the responsibility that citizens have in this regard, the necessity of adopting appropriate consumption habits, the possibility of converting waste into resource, etc., so that the children grow up with necessary information and values to deal with the rising problem of household waste in future.
  6. The government and local municipalities should take measures towards proper collection, reuse and recycling, and disposal of household waste, including creation of covered landfills with waterproof lining so as to prevent seepage into neighboring land and water bodies and to prevent spillover and spread of bad smell.
  7. The government has to implement more vigorously the ban on use of plastic bags and expands the ban on other types of plastic bags, and that the public cooperated with the government in this effort.
  8. The government should create opportunities for separation of different types of waste and takes steps for conversion of household waste into fertilizer and power, with active participation of the private sector and with help from investment by foreign firms under Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol.
  9. The government has to take particular initiatives to reintroduce jute bags and other products made of jute fiber and jute stalk, thus helping jute growers and jute industry, while at the same time protecting the environment and enhancing the country’s export earnings.
  10. The government should take particular care to protect the country’s water bodies from household waste and makes it a crime to throw litter, particularly plastic and other non-biodegradable waste into water bodies, and that the public cooperates fully with the government in this regard.
© 2025 Bangladesh Environment Network